Thirty years ago, there was a monograph of vegetation and plant diversity in the region prepared by the Department of Forestry at the Northeast Forestry University (unpublished), but the variety of plants in the region has changed significantly over the past 30 years. In future years, the authors hope to publish a new monograph and this research is to prepare for this work. This study aimed at reporting the characteristics of plant diversity in five different forest types in Liangshui National Natural Reserve, China, each with three 25 × 25 m tree quadrats, twelve 5 × 5 m wide shrub quadrats and twelve 1 × 1 m wide herbaceous quadrats. Censuses of each forest type were conducted in 2016.