The action of a negative allosteric modulator at the dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptor is dependent upon sodium ions.
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| Abstract | :  Sodium ions (Na+) allosterically modulate the binding of orthosteric agonists and antagonists to many class A G protein-coupled receptors, including the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). Experimental and computational evidences have revealed that this effect is mediated by the binding of Na+ to a conserved site located beneath the orthosteric binding site (OBS). SB269652 acts as a negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of the D2R that adopts an extended bitopic pose, in which the tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety interacts with the OBS and the indole-2-carboxamide moiety occupies a secondary binding pocket (SBP). In this study, we find that the presence of a Na+ within the conserved Na+-binding pocket is required for the action of SB269652. Using fragments of SB269652 and novel full-length analogues, we show that Na+ is required for the high affinity binding of the tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety within the OBS, and that the interaction of the indole-2-carboxamide moiety with the SBP determines the degree of Na+-sensitivity. Thus, we extend our understanding of the mode of action of this novel class of NAM by showing it acts synergistically with Na+ to modulate the binding of orthosteric ligands at the D2R, providing opportunities for fine-tuning of modulatory effects in future allosteric drug design efforts. | 
| Year of Publication | :  2018 | 
| Journal | :  Scientific reports | 
| Volume | :  8 | 
| Issue | :  1 | 
| Number of Pages | :  1208 | 
| Date Published | :  2018 | 
| URL | :  http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19642-1 | 
| DOI | :  10.1038/s41598-018-19642-1 | 
| Short Title | :  Sci Rep | 
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